Turbochargers
Emporio Rossi sells Holset and Garrett turbochargers
The turbocharger, previously known as turbosupercharger, is a mechanical device that allows to supercharge the engine, by using part of the exhaust gas’ energy, substantially enhancing the engine’s performance.
The turbine is made of two parts: the so-called “hot” side, in contact with the exhaust gas, and the “cold” one, where the turbine draws the air that has to be compressed and sent to the engine.
Technically speaking it is made up by two rotors, the first rotor rotates due to the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas. This rotation is transmitted then to the intake rotor through a small metal shaft; the compressed air is then forced into the intake manifold. This results in a lot more air available in the intake manifolds, and the engine, when compared to normally aspirated engines.
With more air, the engine will deliver more power, and exhaust gas will run faster, fueling the turbine even more. By doing so, the turbocharger can reach tens of thousends rotation per minute.
To avoid the compression rate going well over the critical threshold, beyond which both the engine and the turbocharger could be damaged, some protection mechanisms were invented: they mostly are valves, whose duty is to limit the exhaust gas flow rate.